华北第一镖局讲解词
  

    各位游客大家好！欢迎各位远道而来参观华北第一镖局！我是各位此次参观的讲解员，我姓*，各位叫我小*就可以了。希望通过我的讲解能使您乘兴而来，满意而归。
  华北第一镖局是中国第一家专门介绍镖局历史和镖局文化的镖局博物馆。大家既然来到镖局，就应该先了解一下镖局的概念，从狭义角度来讲，它是一种通过雇佣社会上的武术侠客专为有钱商家和个人提供安全保障服务的盈利性机构，相当于现在的保安公司。
  这边介绍的是全部景区的导览图，分为三个主区：二门以外是商业区，二门以里到后厅是办公区、厨房、练武场，二楼是镖局的生活区。
    东西两面是柜房，谈一些小宗业务的地方，门顶上写着居仁和由义。居仁代表仁德、仁爱之心，由义代表义气、忠义之道。另外，这边镖局的一个柜头房，相当于现在的营业部经理办公室，历史上里面是会客、商谈业务的地方，在里面有一个天枰称，也叫等子，用来称一些碎银两，计量单位是半斤八两，一斤十六两（十六两根据天上一个星宿打造的：北斗七星、南斗六星、福禄寿三星），在西方法律女神的手上拿着这样一个称，寓意：公平、公正。对面的墙上还挂着一个大称，能称二百斤的重量。门口这边还有两具箱子，它的锁是采用以前暗锁和防盗锁的前身，必须是两把钥匙合并起来才可以打开，两把钥匙是镖局大掌柜和二掌柜各执一把，起防止贪污的作用，箱体是榆木制成的，俗话说榆木疙瘩结实，各具140斤重，一般人是抬不动的，像现在现实生活中一些老百姓形容小孩子笨就是用榆木来形容的，榆木脑袋结实不开窍。
    接下来，我们看一下背后的玻璃窗里，它讲的是当时一个有名镖师“以武会友”的故事，中间这位穿黑马褂的是当时有名的镖头左二把，他对面披袈裟的是飞云寺的方丈。据说，在左二把一次走镖的过程中遇上了飞云寺方丈，左二把得知情况是方丈在试探他的武功，立即夺下他手中的铁链，甩了几下就断成两半，这根铁链至今已经有几百年的历史，一般人是甩不断的。后来方丈请他到寺中一坐，在往寺院走的过程中，脚下踩的石阶也是非常结实的，一般人踩在上面纹丝不动，但当左二把踩到上面的时候，石阶就会发出响声并且还会坍塌，和尚们感到非常吃惊，到了寺院中坐的时候，凳子和桌子是榆木制成的，刚才也讲过了榆木疙瘩结实，其他人坐到上面坐不断的，各位仔细看一下，左二把坐的凳子像朽木一样散掉了，和尚们都敬重他一分，到了寺院后面的一个练武场，左二把手上有一个打铁球，四五百斤重，左二把以前是没有碰过的，让方丈随便练了几招，他跟着学了几招，怀抱琵琶，狮子滚球，顽童踢蛋，学的有模有样，得到了和尚们的纷纷赞赏，也取得了方丈的信任，顺利保镖。走的时候，方丈送给左二把飞云寺的镖旗，意为左二把在飞云寺这一带走镖如果走失镖，方丈会全部负责，这边就是讲了一个以武会友的故事。这边参观完之后，到对面看一下地下金库。
   镖局接到镖不一定马上就要走镖，而是先把银两暂时存放到这里，下面还有一条窑洞式的秘密通道，和三个大院是相通的，直接通往后面的室外练武场，这里以前上面会盖个木板，放一些杂草来掩人耳目。

Explanation of North China first escort agency

Hello, tourists! Welcome to visit the first escort agency in North China! I'm the commentator of this visit. My last name is * and you can call me Xiao *. I hope that through my explanation, you can come and return with satisfaction.

The first escort agency in North China is the first escort agency Museum in China to introduce the history and culture of the escort agency. Now that you come to the escort agency, you should first understand the concept of the escort agency. In a narrow sense, it is a profit-making organization that employs martial arts Xiake in society to provide security services for wealthy businesses and individuals. It is equivalent to the current security company.

Here is the guide map of all scenic spots, which is divided into three main areas: outside the second door is the business area, inside the second door to the back hall is the office area, kitchen and martial arts training ground, and the second floor is the living area of the escort agency.

There are cabinet rooms on the East and west sides, where some small businesses are discussed. Juren and Youyi are written on the top of the door. Juren stands for benevolence and benevolence, and righteousness stands for righteousness and loyalty. In addition, there is a counter room in the escort agency, which is equivalent to the current business department manager's office. Historically, it is a place for receiving guests and negotiating business. There is a celestial scale, also known as equal son, which is used to weigh some broken silver. The unit of measurement is half weight eight Liang and one catty sixteen Liang (sixteen Liang is made according to a star in the sky: the Big Dipper seven stars, the South dipper six stars and three stars of happiness, wealth and longevity), The Western goddess of law holds such a name in her hand, which means: fairness and justice. There is also a large scale hanging on the opposite wall, which can weigh 200 kilograms. There are also two boxes at the door. Its lock is the predecessor of the previous secret lock and anti-theft lock. It can only be opened after two keys are combined. One of the two keys is held by the big shopkeeper and the second shopkeeper of the escort agency, which can prevent corruption. The box is made of elm. As the saying goes, elm lumps are strong, each weighs 140 kg, and ordinary people can't lift it, For example, in real life, some people describe children as stupid with elm. Elm has a solid head and is not open-minded.

Next, let's take a look at the glass window behind us. It tells the story of a famous escort "meeting friends with martial arts". In the middle, the one wearing a black mandarin jacket is the second left of the famous escort head at that time. The abbot of Feiyun temple is wearing a cassock opposite him. It is said that Zuo Er Ba met the abbot of Feiyun temple during a dart. He learned that the abbot was testing his martial arts. He immediately grabbed the iron chain in his hand and broke it in half after a few times. This iron chain has a history of hundreds of years, and most people can't break it. Later, the abbot asked him to take a seat in the temple. In the process of walking to the temple, the stone steps under his feet are also very strong. Most people step on them motionless, but when the second left step on them, the stone steps will make a noise and collapse. The monks were very surprised. When sitting in the temple, the stools and tables are made of elm. As mentioned earlier, elm bumps are strong, and others sit on them constantly, Take a closer look. The stool on the second left has scattered like rotten wood. The monks respect him. When they arrive at a martial arts training ground behind the temple, there is an iron ball on the second left handle, which weighs four or five hundred kilograms. The second left handle has never been touched before. The abbot practiced a few moves casually. He learned a few moves, embracing the pipa, rolling the lion, and playing the egg by the urchin. He learned something like a model and was praised by the monks, It also won the trust of the abbot and became a bodyguard smoothly. When leaving, the abbot gave Zuo er a dart flag of Feiyun temple, which means that Zuo Er will take full responsibility if he loses his dart in this area of Feiyun temple. Here is a story about meeting friends with martial arts. After visiting here, go to the opposite to have a look at the underground vault.

The escort agency doesn't have to escort immediately after receiving the escort. Instead, it stores the silver here temporarily. There is also a cave like secret passage below, which is connected with the three courtyards and directly leads to the outdoor martial arts training ground behind. In the past, there was a wooden board on it and some weeds to hide people's eyes and ears.

     这边二门上面的砖雕是原始的，中间的葡萄是多子多孙的意思，两边的梅花代表忠烈，菊花代表忠贞，牡丹是国花，都是吉祥、祝福的象征，砖雕下面的两个大字“尚武”，设在这里是提醒员工崇尚武德，下面的这两个石狮，保留着威武气势，然后再看一下门口两边的抱鼓石，鼓是中国最早的乐器，是当年指挥战争所用镖师也是习武之人，设在这里本着不忘本的原则，四周围还有猴围着它，猴在现实生活中是机灵、聪明的象征，预示在走镖过程中机灵是必不可少的，这种抱鼓石是平遥唯一一家门口设有的，紧挨着抱鼓石的这两扇门是原物，在跨二门的两扇门叫屏风，平时是不打开的，除非接待重要客人和运道而来的游客才会打开，表示对客人的尊重。
  现在我们来的地方的是镖局办公室，左手边是账房，相当于现在的财务科，正对面墙上挂的八条屏风是原物，也是镖局博物馆的镇馆之宝，是用针线一针一线绣出来的，绣好之后背面再用棉花一层一层堆起来的，看上去具有立体感，在平遥叫堆景绣，是非常少见的，下面条机上摆的瓶子、镜子寓意是平平静静，希望算账先生可以心平气和、平平静静地做好每一笔账，一丝不能大意，两边的灯笼，相当于现在卧室里的壁灯，框架是核桃木制成的，四周围用玻璃围起来，反光强烈。然后像玻璃窗里面是账房先生用的笔、矾、算盘、存折和账本。现在的存折就是从账房存折而转变过来的，中间是等子称，用来称金、银，珠、玉的，里面是账房先生休息和算账的，可以看到角上有一个椅子比较特殊，叫角椅，并且还有很好的寓意，前面一个头，代表“富”字，富贵当头的意思，抬头看一下墙上挂着两幅美人画，以前的审美观念和现在不一样，不论相貌而是看脚，古代女人的脚越小越好，所以以前女人的脚就分为三种，三寸金莲、四寸银莲，五寸铜莲，挂在墙上是用来显富贵的，外面柜子上的两具箱子，是以前放银票和账本。箱体用木头，外面再用羊皮包裹着，具有防潮，防蛀虫的作用。在以前采用的都是股份制，不需要资本的投入，最主要的成分是身股，3年分红一次，总镖头分红可以分到十分之一。好，这边参观完对面是信房。
    现在所来到的是信房，顾名思义就是写信的地方，信房先生在镖局主要负责镖局收寄信件和文稿的处理，相当于现在保安公司的秘书。像以前人分为四个等级：士、农、工、商。士是读书人，做官的，地位非常高的，信房先生就是以前的士，所以他是镖局的客人，而不是镖局的员工，里面是信房先生休息和写信的，里面的墙上也挂着四面屏风，和刚才在账房看过的八面屏风是一个性质的，也是堆景绣，绣的是一个红楼梦的故事，以前的信房先生不是人人都可以当的，必须琴、棋、书、画样样精通的，讲究的是一个“才”字。所以炕上就是当年的琴榻，抬头看到墙上挂的钟是罗马式的。外面是信房先生白天会客和谈重要生意的客厅，正对面墙上挂的六面屏风现在是属于文物，布上剪下剪贴画，然后绘制、上色，最后一道工序是缝制，这边挂的四面屏风记述的是中国历朝历代皇帝名讳时代。
   现在所看到正厅牌匾上四个大字“威震四方”，是仿造清朝内阁大臣李鸿章为会友镖局所题牌匾，会友镖局为李鸿章看家护院，李鸿章为会友镖局题此牌匾。两边的对联：一声哈武镖车走，年年江湖平安回，寓意：希望镖师走镖可以平平安安归来，哈武是当时走遍是喊的“统号”，具有威力，两边仿制的兵器架，再看一下上面的雕塑，中间是福、禄、寿三星，代表着吉祥。
  现在所进入到的是客厅，也叫正厅，中间供奉的是达摩祖师，达摩是印度人，禅宗第二十八代祖师，在南北朝来到中国，向人们传授佛教教义和拳术。相传，达摩去少林寺时，渡江是踩着一支芦苇过去的。达摩渡江后在少林寺先后面壁十年，十年后，等到了中国禅宗上午第二代祖师：慧可，拜达摩为师，学习佛教和拳术，所以少林寺是中国北派武术的祖庭，达摩是中国少林拳的创始人，因此镖局将达摩供奉为镖局的保护神。下面的贡桌是原物，上面黄色的是贴金，东西两面是专门会见客人的，西面是会见关系十分紧密的客人，凉榻是专门用来招待客人的，它是用从南方买回来的藤竹编制的，然后再看一下墙上中间挂着一个裱图“寿”字，是当时这家镖局总镖头过生日时，别人送给他贺寿的，中间寿字黄色的用黄金拉出来的金丝绣出来的，两边的对联是用竹片镶嵌进去，然后再一刀一刀雕刻出来的，竹子是经过蒸泡出来的，做工是非常精致的。两边是车亦斋的拓片，为镖师立的纪念碑，是全国唯一一家给镖师立的纪念碑，上面的碑文记载着镖师的历史，下面的兵器架是原物，已经有两百多年的历史，架体是红木制成的，像对面是会见一般重要客人的，中间供奉的是忠义的化身也是财神爷的化身，山西武财神是关公，墙上挂的六面屏风和信房的六面屏风是一个性质的，也是缝制上去的，下面条几是福、禄、寿三星。

The brick carvings on the two doors here are primitive, and the grapes in the middle mean many children and grandchildren. The plum blossoms on both sides represent loyalty, the chrysanthemum represents loyalty, and the peony is the national flower, which are symbols of good luck and blessing. The two big characters "advocating martial arts" under the brick carvings are set here to remind employees to respect martial ethics. The two stone lions below retain their powerful momentum, and then look at the drum stones on both sides of the door. The drum is the earliest musical instrument in China, It was used to direct the war in those years. The escort was also a martial artist. Based on the principle of not forgetting the origin, it was surrounded by monkeys. Monkeys are a symbol of intelligence and intelligence in real life, indicating that agility is essential in the process of escort. This drum stone is set at the only door in Pingyao. The two doors next to the drum stone are original. The two doors across the two doors are called screens, which are not opened at ordinary times, It will only be opened to show respect for guests unless receiving important guests and tourists from the transport route.

Now we come to the escort agency's office. On the left is the accounting room, which is equivalent to the current financial department. The eight screens hanging on the opposite wall are original objects and the treasure of the escort agency's Museum. They are embroidered with needles and threads. After embroidering, the back is piled up layer by layer with cotton. It looks three-dimensional. It is very rare to call Duijing embroidery in Pingyao. The bottle placed on the machine below The implication of the mirror is calm and quiet. I hope the reckoner can do every account calmly and quietly without any carelessness. The lanterns on both sides are equivalent to the wall lamps in the bedroom now. The frame is made of walnut wood and surrounded by glass with strong reflection. Then, like the glass window, there are pens, alum, abacus, passbooks and account books used by the cashier. The current passbook is transformed from the account room passbook. In the middle is the equivalent scale, which is used to call gold, silver, beads and jade. Inside is the account room gentleman's rest and accounting. You can see that there is a special chair on the corner, which is called corner chair, and it also has a good moral. The head in front represents the word "rich" and the meaning of wealth and honor. Look up at the two beauty paintings hanging on the wall. The aesthetic concept in the past is different from that in the present, Regardless of appearance, it depends on feet. The smaller the feet of ancient women, the better. Therefore, in the past, women's feet were divided into three types: three inch Golden Lotus, four inch silver lotus and five inch copper lotus. They were hung on the wall to show wealth. The two boxes on the outer cabinet were used to put silver tickets and account books. The box is made of wood and wrapped with sheepskin, which has the function of moisture-proof and moth proof. In the past, the joint-stock system was adopted, which did not require capital investment. The main component was the body stock. The dividend was paid once every three years, and the total bodyguard's dividend could be divided into one tenth. OK, after visiting here, the letter room is opposite.

Now we come to the letter room, which, as the name suggests, is the place to write letters. Mr. letter room is mainly responsible for the processing of letters and manuscripts received and sent by the escort agency, which is equivalent to the Secretary of the current security company. Like before, people were divided into four levels: scholar, farmer, worker and businessman. Scholar is a scholar and an official with a very high status. Mr. Xinfang is a former taxi, so he is a guest of the escort agency, not an employee of the escort agency. Inside, Mr. Xinfang takes a rest and writes letters. There are four screens hanging on the wall. It is the same nature as the eight screens I just saw in the accounting room. It is also a scene embroidery. The embroidery is a story of a dream of Red Mansions. In the past, Mr. Xinfang can not be everyone. He must play piano Those who are proficient in chess, calligraphy and painting pay attention to the word "talent". So on the Kang was the piano couch of that year. Looking up, I saw that the clock hanging on the wall was Roman. Outside is the living room where Mr. Xinfang receives guests and talks about important business during the day. The six screens hanging on the opposite wall now belong to cultural relics. The clip art is cut off from the cloth, and then painted and colored. The last process is sewing. The four screens hanging here describe the times when emperors of all dynasties in China were famous and taboo.

The four large characters "awe inspiring everywhere" on the plaque in the main hall are imitations of the plaque written by Li Hongzhang, the cabinet minister of the Qing Dynasty, for Huiyou escort agency, which guarded the house for Li Hongzhang, and Li Hongzhang wrote this plaque for Huiyou escort agency. Couplets on both sides: a sound of HA Wu escort cart goes, and the Jianghu returns safely every year. Moral: I hope the escort can return safely. Ha Wu is the "unified number" shouted all over the place at that time, which is powerful. The imitation weapon racks on both sides, and then look at the sculptures above. In the middle, there are three stars of blessing, wealth and longevity, representing good luck.

Now we enter the living room, also known as the main hall. In the middle is the ancestor of Dharma. Dharma is an Indian. The 28th generation of Zen came to China in the northern and Southern Dynasties to teach people Buddhist teachings and boxing. It is said that when Dharma went to Shaolin Temple, he crossed the river by stepping on a reed. After crossing the river, Dharma first worked behind the wall of Shaolin temple for ten years. Ten years later, he waited until the second generation founder of Chinese Zen: Huike, who studied Buddhism and boxing with dharma as his teacher. Therefore, Shaolin Temple is the ancestor of Chinese northern martial arts, and Dharma is the founder of Chinese Shaolin boxing. Therefore, the escort agency worshipped dharma as the protective god of the escort agency. The tribute table below is original, the yellow one on the top is gilded, the East and west sides are dedicated to meeting guests, the west is dedicated to meeting guests with close ties, and the cooling couch is specially used to entertain guests. It is made of rattan and bamboo bought from the south. Then look at the word "Shou" in the middle of the wall, which was given to the chief escort of the escort agency on his birthday, The Yellow character of longevity in the middle is embroidered with gold silk pulled out of gold. The couplets on both sides are inlaid with bamboo pieces and then carved one by one. Bamboo is steamed and soaked, and the workmanship is very exquisite. On both sides are rubbings of Che yizhai. The monument erected for the escort is the only monument erected for the escort in China. The inscription on the monument records the history of the escort. The weapon rack below is the original, which has a history of more than 200 years. The rack body is made of mahogany. It is like meeting important guests on the opposite side. In the middle is the embodiment of loyalty and the embodiment of the God of wealth. The God of wealth in Shanxi is Guan Gong, The six screens hanging on the wall and the six screens in the letter room are of the same nature and sewn up. The following are three stars of happiness, wealth and longevity.

现在我们所进入到的是镖局的会餐厅，在每逢过年、过节的时候，都会在这里大摆筵席，宴请许多镖局的工作好友，请客吃饭的，像它的窑洞式建筑，冬暖夏凉，也是可以防地震的，距今已有400余年的历史，中间塑像是张黑五，山西人，精大枪，善手搏，是著名拳师，俗传为乾隆皇帝的武术教师，后人称之为神拳无敌张黑五，他是中国第一家镖局的创始人，在清乾隆年间乾隆皇帝亲自批准的镖局：兴隆镖局。这边还有另处一个镇馆之宝：旗杆石，它是原始的，放百年不变形，四周围还有四头狮子围着它，采用谐音：事事如意、事事平安。这边平遥、祁县、太谷是当时非常有名的三条商业老街，现在最繁华的还是平遥的明清街。下面玻璃窗内展示的是当时的票据，像这边介绍的镖局的业务：走镖、护院、坐店、汇兑、寄信，镖局的组成机构是由总号、分号、外柜组成的，这边主要介绍的是开设镖局的社会群体：1、习武之人组成的社会群体，2、习武世家，3、退役军人组成的社会群体。这边介绍的是当时走镖的主要交通工具，北方的主要交通是镖车、独轮车，南方是镖船，内蒙古的主要交通工具是驼帮。这边是镖师的住店原则：三不住、三不离和住店三要。下面是镖局的内部管理制度。玻璃窗里是当时走镖的必备品。
  然后，我们到这边了解一下镖局的鼎盛时期，是从1823年开始到1900年，在镖局最鼎盛时期延伸到北方的恰克图和南方的广州，这边是镖师的处事原则带三分笑、让三分理、饮三分酒，还有镖师的“三会一不”，“镖师的三忌”这里重点了解镖师的“一不”，不洗脸，像北方这边的气候比较干燥，走镖走的都是一些风沙特别大的地方，如果经常洗脸的话，脸上就会开裂，所以镖师走镖的路途中是不能洗脸的，在镖局中流传着一句话我该洗脸了和回家是一个意思，洗脸的时候就是已经回家了，回到家的时候才可以洗脸了。
    这边是专门介绍当时非常有名的几位镖师，上面这位是同兴公镖局的总镖头王正清，他是山西平遥人，同兴公镖局的总部也在平遥，王正清的后台是非常硬的，和道光皇帝是同门师兄，出自同一个师傅是贾殿魁，练得是少林拳，善使红缨枪，后人称之为“神枪面王王正清”。下面这位左二把是山西文水人，原名左常德，在家排行老二，所以叫左二把，是昌隆镖局的总镖头，他的看家拳是绵掌和弹腿，但主要以弹腿出名，享有铁腿左二把的美称，曾经给道光皇帝押送过贡品“苏绣七禽图”，路上非常安全，很受道光皇帝赏识，赏他黄马褂一件，像下面玻璃窗里展示的是道光皇帝赏赐给左二把的黄马褂，是原始的，现在是属于文物。然后像这边这位戴二闾，山西祁县人，他练的是心意拳，这套拳法是由他的父亲戴隆邦所传授的，因为他家这套拳法是传男不传女，传内不传外的，最后传给他家一个老菜农叫李洛农的，人称李老农，乔家大院的大掌柜乔致庸的镖主要是由戴二闾来保，戴二闾是广盛镖局的总镖头。他们三位就是华北地区非常有名的镖师，人称华北三杰，民间有个拳谚：“王家枪，左家的腿，戴家的拳头打倒鬼”。下面的这位叫王天宇（1842——1937），字云飞，乳名铁子，原籍河北通县，后随母落户到山西，六岁即开始学艺，曾拜乌金山白眉道人为师学习手搏技艺，艺成后云游四海，走遍大江南北未逢敌手，人称“铁罗汉”。后以保镖为业，为”协和信”票号的总镖头。协和信票号是榆次聂店王家所开设的很有影响的票号，同时亦兼营保镖业务。民谚有“协同庆的镖走出口（指东西两口，西口为右玉杀虎口、东口为张家口），安晋源出口不用吼”之说。俗传王天宇曾受托恭亲王奕䜣，将肃顺所雇佣刺杀慈禧的居庸关四大高手一一降服，终使慈禧等人免于危难，后恭亲王奕䜣和慈禧太后联合发动辛酉政变，将肃顺等顾命八大臣捕杀，而王天宇则被清政府授予四品军功。史家亦习惯将王天宇与王正清、左二把、戴文熊等武林英雄并称为“北方四雄”。
    还有一位总镖头也大有名头，名叫安晋源，又名安鼎世，是山西榆次人，精擒拿，善拳脚，曾力邀弓力、形意、太极、八卦、少林、劈挂、红拳、炮拳等门派的武林高手在一起共同研创出名动一时的公议拳，后又拜在“铁罗汉”王天宇门下学习手搏技艺，功成后，与人徒手相搏，二三十人竞都被他一一放倒，更兼点穴了得，人号“神指”，“协同庆的镖走出口，安晋源出口不用吼”这一拳谚中所说的安晋源就是指这位大师。    
    附带说，手搏术是我国载入文字最早的一门武术，它传承悠远，历史悠久，早在战国时期就已流行于世，被誉为是“中华武术的活化石”，也是中华武术中的核心技术，在晋地，随着晋商崛起保镖业的兴起，此术独领风骚，在镖师中代有传承，目前在我们晋中，精于此术者有梁晓峰、赵保忠、张仁礼、王志强等。其中，梁晓峰系国家级非物质文化遗产心意拳代表性传承人、省级非物质文化遗产手搏术代表性传承人、省级非物质文化遗产镖局文化代表性传承人，也是心意拳法国际联盟主席、中国心意武术专业委员会主席、晋中市拳击协会名誉主席。迄今为止，其所传弟子、再传弟子及四传弟子人数已逾万，分布在全国及世界各地。据不完全统计，在其弟子和再传弟子中曾有278人次获得国内外武术、散打、摔跤等重大赛事的冠军。我国著名教育家、书画家王振德先生曾题词赞誉：“迎之不见其首，仰之不见其后，疏而无间，象而无形，厚德载物，技至无为，中华神功，幸窥一斑。梁晓峰先生武艺超群，拳精妙术，为国屡争荣光，一抒中华豪气。吾钦佩之极，书此以赠。”
     这边主要介绍的是镖局衰败的原因，衰败原因也是有很多种的，第一是因为中国商业体系的解体，镖局失去了其存在的前提，其次是清代警察局的设立，取代了当时镖局看家、护院、坐店的职能，还有就是清朝铁路的修建，慢慢取代了镖局的业务，随着社会的发展，镖局慢慢败落。好了，这边镖局的起源、发展以及败落就讲解完了。
     像我们现在进入到的是生活区，这边是厨房，正对面版面主要介绍山西的饮食文化，宴席菜谱，像这么多的菜，只有在大年初一和荣升官的时候才会这样大摆宴席，左边陈设的是一些厨具，有压河捞面的河捞床，食盒、米斗、火锅，中间这个竹篓子是用来放醋的，它中间会和一层黄泥，外面再裹一层油纸，防止粗的外漏，像我们平遥人非常爱吃醋的，对面主要介绍镖局自制的疗伤处方。

Now we are entering the escort agency's dining hall. During the Chinese New Year and festival, we will have a big feast here, entertaining many of the escort agency's working friends and inviting guests to dinner. For example, its cave like buildings are warm in winter and cool in summer, which can also prevent earthquakes. It has a history of more than 400 years. The statue in the middle is Zhang Heiwu, a native of Shanxi Province. He is a famous boxer and a martial arts teacher of Emperor Qianlong, Later generations called it "divine fist invincible Zhang Heiwu". He was the founder of the first escort agency in China. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the escort agency personally approved by Emperor Qianlong: Xinglong escort agency. There is another treasure of the town hall here: flagpole stone. It is primitive and will not deform for a hundred years. There are four lions around it. It uses homonym: everything is good and everything is safe. Pingyao, Qixian and Taigu were three famous old commercial streets at that time. Now the most prosperous street is the Ming and Qing streets in Pingyao. The following glass window shows the bills at that time. For example, the business of the escort agency introduced here: escort, escort, sitting in the store, remittance and letter sending. The organization of the escort agency is composed of general number, semicolon and outer cabinet. The social groups that set up the escort agency are mainly introduced here: 1. Social groups composed of martial arts practitioners, 2. Martial arts family, 3. Social groups composed of retired soldiers. Here are the main means of transportation for escorts at that time. The main means of transportation in the north are escort cars and wheelbarrows, the south is escort ships, and the main means of transportation in Inner Mongolia is camel gang. Here is the Escort's principle of staying in the hotel: three no stays, three no departures and three requirements for staying in the hotel. The following is the internal management system of the escort agency. The glass window was an essential item for bodyguards at that time.

Then, let's go here to learn about the peak period of the escort agency, from 1823 to 1900. In the peak period of the escort agency, it extends to chaketu in the north and Guangzhou in the south. Here is the Escort's principle of taking three laughs, allowing three trimmings, drinking three drinks, as well as the Escort's "three meetings and one no" and "three taboos of the escort". Here, we focus on the Escort's "one no" and don't wash your face. For example, the climate in the north is relatively dry, Escorts go to places with strong sandstorms. If they wash their faces often, their faces will crack, so the escort can't wash their faces on the way. There is a word circulating in the escort agency that I should wash my face. It means the same as going home. When I wash my face, I can wash my face when I get home.

Here is a special introduction to several famous escorts at that time. The above is Wang Zhengqing, the chief escort of Tongxing public escort agency. He is from Pingyao, Shanxi. The headquarters of Tongxing public escort agency is also in Pingyao. Wang Zhengqing's backstage is very hard. He is a senior brother of the same school as Emperor Daoguang. He comes from the same master, Jia Diankui. He is good at Shaolin boxing and red tassel spear. Later generations call him "Wang Zhengqing, the king of divine spear face". The following Zuo Er Ba is from Wenshui, Shanxi. His original name is Zuo Changde. He is the second in line at home, so he is called Zuo Er Ba. He is the chief escort of Changlong escort agency. His guard fist is cotton palm and bullet leg, but he is mainly famous for bullet leg and enjoys the reputation of iron leg left two ba. He once escorted the tribute "Suzhou embroidery seven birds" to Emperor Daoguang. He was very safe on the road and appreciated by Emperor Daoguang. He rewarded him with a yellow jacket, As shown in the glass window below, the Yellow mandarin jacket given to the left two by Emperor Daoguang is primitive and now belongs to cultural relics. Then, like Dai Erlu, a native of Qixian County, Shanxi Province, he practiced Xinyi boxing, which was taught by his father Dai Longbang, because his family's boxing was passed on from male to female, from inside to outside, and finally to an old vegetable farmer named Li luonong, who was called Li Laonong. The escort of Qiao Zhiyong, the chief shopkeeper of Qiao's courtyard, was mainly guaranteed by Dai Erlu. Dai Erlu was the chief escort of Guangsheng escort agency. The three of them are very famous escorts in North China. They are called the three heroes of North China. There is a folk boxing proverb: "Wang's gun, left's leg, wear his fist to beat the ghost". The following one is Wang Tianyu (1842-1937), named Yunfei, whose milk name is tiezi. He originally came from Tongxian County, Hebei Province. Later, he settled in Shanxi with his mother and began to learn martial arts at the age of six. He once studied hand combat skills with Taoist Baimei of Wujin mountain as a teacher. After he became a martial artist, he traveled all over the world, traveled all over the north and south of the river and did not meet an enemy. He is called "tieluohan". Later, he worked as a bodyguard and became the chief bodyguard of the ticket number of "xiehexin". Xiehexin ticket number is a very influential ticket number opened by the Wang family of niedian in Yuci. At the same time, it is also engaged in bodyguard business. There is a folk saying that "Xieqing's darts go out (referring to the East and West, Youyu kills the tiger in the West and Zhangjiakou in the East), and there is no need to roar at the exit of an Jinyuan". It is said that Wang Tianyu once entrusted Prince Gong Yiyu to subdue the four masters of Juyongguan who were hired by SUSHUN to assassinate Cixi one by one, and finally saved Cixi and others from danger. Later, Prince Gong Yiyu and Empress Dowager Cixi jointly launched a Xinyou coup and killed eight ministers who took orders from SUSHUN, while Wang Tianyu was awarded four grades of military merit by the Qing government. Historians are also used to calling Wang Tianyu, Wang Zhengqing, Zuo Er Ba, Dai Wenxiong and other Wulin heroes the "four heroes of the north".

Another famous chief escort is an Jinyuan, also known as an Dingshi. He is a native of Yuci, Shanxi Province. He is good at catching and boxing. He once strongly invited Wulin experts from schools such as bow power, shape and meaning, Tai Chi, Bagua, Shaolin, splitting hanging, red boxing and artillery boxing to jointly develop the famous Gongyi boxing. Later, he worshipped the "iron arhat" Wang Tianyu to learn hand fighting skills. After success, he fought with people with his bare hands, Twenty or thirty people were all brought down by him one by one, and he also pointed the acupoints. The name of man is "divine finger". In the fist proverb "Xieqing's dart goes out, and an Jinyuan doesn't need to roar at the exit", an Jinyuan refers to the master.

Incidentally, hand wrestling is one of the earliest martial arts written in China. It has a long history. It has been popular in the world as early as the Warring States period. It is known as the "living fossil of Chinese martial arts" and the core technology of Chinese martial arts. In Shanxi, with the rise of Shanxi merchants and the rise of bodyguard industry, this skill takes the lead and has been inherited among escort agents. At present, in Jinzhong, Liang Xiaofeng, Zhao Baozhong, Zhang Renli Wang Zhiqiang et al. Among them, Liang Xiaofeng is a representative inheritor of xinyiquan, a national intangible cultural heritage, a representative inheritor of hand wrestling of provincial intangible cultural heritage, and a representative inheritor of the culture of provincial intangible cultural heritage escort agency. He is also the chairman of xinyiquan International League, the chairman of China xinyiwu professional committee, and the honorary chairman of Jinzhong Boxing Association. So far, the number of its disciples, re disciples and four disciples has exceeded 10000, distributed throughout the country and around the world. According to incomplete statistics, 278 of his disciples and retransmission disciples have won the champions of major events such as martial arts, Sanda and wrestling at home and abroad. Mr. Wang Zhende, a famous educator, calligrapher and painter in China, once wrote an inscription praising him: "meet him without seeing his head, worship him without seeing his back, sparse and boundless, image but invisible, virtuous and carrying things, and inaction in skills. I'm lucky to have a glimpse of Chinese magic. Mr. Liang Xiaofeng has excellent martial arts and excellent boxing skills, which has repeatedly won glory for the country and expressed Chinese pride. I admire him very much, and this book is a gift."

Here we mainly introduce the reasons for the decline of the escort agency. There are many reasons for the decline. The first is that the escort agency lost its premise of existence due to the disintegration of China's commercial system. The second is the establishment of the Police Bureau in the Qing Dynasty, which replaced the functions of guarding the house, guarding the hospital and sitting in the shop at that time. The construction of the railway in the Qing Dynasty slowly replaced the business of the escort agency. With the development of society, the escort agency gradually declined. Well, the origin, development and decline of the escort agency here will be explained.

For example, we are now entering the living area. Here is the kitchen. The front page mainly introduces Shanxi's food culture and banquet recipes. For so many dishes, such a big banquet will only be held on the first day of the Lunar New Year and when we are promoted. On the left are some kitchen utensils, river fishing bed with river fishing noodles, food box, rice bucket and hot pot. The bamboo basket in the middle is used to put vinegar, and a layer of yellow mud will be mixed in the middle, Another layer of oil paper is wrapped outside to prevent rough leakage. For example, we people in Pingyao are very jealous. The opposite side mainly introduces the self-made healing prescription of the escort agency.

  外面是镖局的祖师堂，中间供奉的是岳飞，岳飞是心意拳的创始人，也是晋中心意拳的祖师，心意拳是意由心生，形随意动，由意念控制的。
    后院是室外练武场，现在场地只有原先场地的四分之一，原先有四百平方米，在文革时被老百姓修房给占了、左下角下面有七根柱子，是七星梅花桩，用来练轻功和飞檐走壁用的，最好可以高达七七四十九根，而且高度不一，最高高度可以高达一米多，右边木人桩用来练练腿力和臂力；这边还有练太极的太极球，也是可以用来练臂力的，挨的是用来练铁砂掌的，中间两个石锁相当于现在的哑铃，各具重二十斤重，这家镖局的总镖头每天举它都上头顶一百次。像中间这个“镖”字，以前不是这样写的，以前是木字旁，示字标，标志的标，后来随着镖局的发展，改成了现在的“金”字旁，“票”字镖，左边“金”字旁代表镖局的十八般兵器，右边镖字代表标号的银两，意思就是用武力来保障钱财的安全，然后再看一下镖字底色从里往外分别是：黄、蓝、红，黄代表黄土高原，蓝代表水，红色代表富贵不断头，意思是希望镖局的生意能蒸蒸日上、红红火火，借此，我也希望您各位事业红红火火、蒸蒸日上。这边还有一辆马拉轿车，轿车是当时这家镖局的总镖头出远门时乘坐的，当时和现在的奔驰、宝马是一个性质的，两边车轴各有十八根，相当于佛教的十八罗汉，边缘上有108颗钉子，相当于梁山一百零八好汉，寓意就是希望总镖头出远门可以平安归来，这边参观完之后，到这边看一下心意六合拳的分析图解，过来这边是心意六合拳的拳法歌诀，紧挨着是镖局常用春典，平遥叫黑话，江湖走镖隐语行话，流传一句：能送一锭银，不送一句春，再往这边看，是拜师入行的口诀，好了各位，练武场的讲解就结束了。
  中间过道是子镖局开创以来的名人题字和名人留影。
  这边可以上二楼参观，现在所看到的是镖局十八般兵器：刀、枪、剑、戟、斧、钺、钩、叉、鞭、锏、锤、抓、镗、棍、槊、棒、拐、流星，正对面是以前镖师走镖的三大宝：镖车、镖箱、镖旗，这三大宝中唯一必不可少的就是这面镖旗，如果厉害师傅的姓，因为在当时走镖时难免会在路上遇到一些劫匪劫镖，但劫匪劫镖前也会看一下镖旗上面的字，如果厉害师傅的镖，他们也就不敢动，久而久之，这面小镖旗就成为当时出镖的主要标志，独轮车是当时走镖的主要交通工具，由于山西地处黄土高原，路途比较崎岖，用独轮车来走比较方便一点，所以独轮车就成为当时走镖的主要交通工具，当时还流传着一句话：要想飙车走，屁股扭一扭。用屁股扭来保持镖车的平衡力，墙上的两个分解字是比较的两个宗旨：顺天行道，中心义气。这边参观完，上面是镖局比较大的议事厅，左边是总镖头的卧室，里面的床是道光皇帝赏赐给这家镖局的总镖头王正清的，外面的花纹是描金的，木头是红木的，它是冬夏两用的，紧挨着有一杆红缨枪，原物是当年总镖头使用过的，中间这边是一个议事厅，商谈一些比较重要的业务就回来二楼商量的，可以看到两边还有两个半圆桌，一般是不会合并起来的，由当年的大掌柜和二掌柜各执一把，到了年终吃团圆饭的时候才会合并起来的，团圆饭的最后一道菜是鱼，也有载员的意思，鱼头对准谁就证明谁被开除，鱼头对准总镖头则皆皆大欢喜，对面是镖局的客房，是专门用来招待客人的，总镖头不希望客人来了之后住客栈，所以这部专门为客人设了休息场所，玻璃窗里是招待客人用的烟灯、烟袋、烟枪和烟丝盒，和现在的请客吃饭是一个意思，里面的是墙上挂着两幅美人图，和账房墙上挂着美人图是一个意思，也是用来显富贵的。
  像这边的版面展示的镖局历史、发展和内部细况。主要是：镖局业务的形成。分为走镖和坐镖，坐镖主要是：护院、坐店、坐夜。
镖局的技能。主要分为：拳术、器械、暗器和其他的飞檐走壁等。
江湖走镖隐语行话。有上九流、中九流、老师流传口语，四大生意论。
镖局的经营管理。有镖局开业图，镖局人员组成表，分为外和内，外有镖头、镖师、趟子手，内有掌柜、账房先生、厨师、亲役。
拜师流程。
  1951—1952年由京向苏起镖运现表，有由京起银日期、票号、银两数目及其他。
  著名镖局表。主要介绍：镖局名、年代、创始人、省区、地址。
  其他都是以前的一些旧照片，版面下面玻璃窗里是当时镖局实物兵器。
 二楼的介绍到此结束了，往下走的时候，左手边有一头石狮，流传一句话：摸摸狮子头，好事不断头；摸摸狮子背，好活一辈辈；摸摸狮子嘴，夫妻不吵嘴；摸摸狮子脚，走遍天涯和海角；从头摸到尾，一辈子不后悔。
    希望各位参加我馆之后，能够更能够更加热爱武术，了解更多武林佚事。好了各位，我的讲解到此结束，祝愿旅途愉快，欢迎下次再来。

讲解词结构图：

欢迎词

介绍华北镖局博物馆历史及概念

柜头房：1）功能；2）业务；3）故事；4）陈列物品

地下金库

二门：砖雕艺术“尚武”，抱鼓石的特点，屏风

账房：1）功能；2）陈设物品；3）股份制（家股）

信房：1）功能；2）信房先生身份；3）陈设物品

正厅门匾、对联、兵器架，中间供奉的达摩（事迹）  东西两面的功能以及陈设物品

后厅，镖局发展史及玻璃窗里陈设物品、旗杆石

厨房：1）山西饮食文化；2）厨具；3）疗伤处方

祖师堂（岳飞）

练武场

名人题字、名人留影

二楼：1）十八般兵器，走镖路线图，盾牌；2）走镖三大宝；3）总镖头房、议事厅功能、客房；4）版面；5）兵器实物；6）石狮

欢送词

Outside is the ancestral hall of the escort agency. In the middle is Yue Fei. Yue Fei is the founder of Xinyi boxing and the founder of Jinzhong Xinyi boxing. Xinyi boxing is generated by the mind, the shape moves with the mind and controlled by the mind.

The backyard is an outdoor martial arts training ground. Now the ground is only a quarter of the original one. It used to be 400 square meters. It was occupied by the common people during the cultural revolution. There are seven pillars under the lower left corner. They are seven star plum blossom piles. They are used to practice lightness skills and walk on eaves and walls. It's best to have up to 7749. They vary in height. The maximum height can be up to more than one meter. The wooden man pile on the right is used to practice leg strength and arm strength; There is also a Tai Chi ball for practicing Tai Chi, which can also be used to practice arm strength. It is used to practice iron sand palm. The two stone locks in the middle are equivalent to current dumbbells, each weighing 20 kilograms. The chief escort of this escort agency raises it on his head 100 times a day. The word "escort" in the middle was not written like this before. In the past, it was next to wooden characters, indicating characters and signs. Later, with the development of the escort agency, it was changed to the word "ticket" next to the word "gold". The word "gold" on the left represents 18 kinds of weapons of the escort agency, and the word "escort" on the right represents silver, which means to use force to ensure the safety of money. Then look at the background color of the word "escort", which is yellow, blue and red from the inside to the outside, Yellow represents the Loess Plateau, blue represents water, and red represents wealth and honor. It means that I hope the business of the escort agency can be prosperous and prosperous. Therefore, I also hope your career can be prosperous and prosperous. There is also a horse drawn car here. The car was taken by the chief escort of the escort agency when he was away. At that time, it was the same as the current Mercedes Benz and BMW. There were 18 axles on both sides, equivalent to the 18 Arhats of Buddhism. There were 108 nails on the edge, equivalent to the 108 heroes of Liangshan. The moral is to hope that the chief escort can return safely when he is away. After visiting here, Come here to have a look at the analysis diagram of Xinyi Liuhe boxing. Here is the boxing formula and song formula of Xinyi Liuhe boxing. Next to it is the spring code commonly used by the escort agency. Pingyao is called slang. There is a saying in the jargon of Jianghu escort. There is a saying: you can give a ingot of silver without giving a spring. Look here again, it is the formula to worship the master. All right, everyone, the explanation of the martial arts practice field is over.

The middle aisle is the inscription and photos of celebrities since the founding of Zibiao.

You can visit the second floor here. Now you can see 18 kinds of weapons of the escort agency: knife, gun, sword, halberd, axe, Tomahawk, hook, fork, whip, mace, hammer, grasp, boring, stick, stick, crutch and meteor. Directly opposite is the three treasures used by the escort agency: Escort cart, escort box and escort flag. The only essential of these three treasures is this escort flag. If the surname of the powerful master, At that time, it was inevitable that some robbers would rob the dart on the road, but the robbers would also look at the words on the dart flag before robbing the dart. If the master's dart was powerful, they would not dare to move. Over time, this small dart flag became the main sign of darting at that time. The unicycle was the main means of transportation for escorting at that time. Because Shanxi was located in the Loess Plateau and the road was rough, it was more convenient to walk by unicycle, So the unicycle became the main means of transportation for bodyguards at that time. At that time, there was a saying: if you want to drag along, twist your ass. To keep the balance of the escort cart with the buttock twist, the two decomposition words on the wall are the two purposes of comparison: walking along the path of heaven and central righteousness. After visiting here, there is a large meeting hall of the escort agency on the top. On the left is the bedroom of the chief escort. The bed inside is given by Emperor Daoguang to Wang Zhengqing, the chief escort of the escort agency. The outside pattern is painted with gold and the wood is mahogany. It is dual-purpose in winter and summer. Next to it is a red tassel gun. The original object was used by the chief escort in those years. In the middle is a meeting hall. After discussing some important business, I came back to the second floor for discussion, It can be seen that there are two and a half round tables on both sides. Generally, they will not be merged. The big shopkeeper and the second shopkeeper will each hold one. They will not be merged until the end of the year. The last dish of the reunion dinner is fish, which also means to carry the staff. If the fish head is aimed at, it will prove that the person who is fired. If the fish head is aimed at the chief escort, everyone will be happy. Opposite is the guest room of the escort agency, which is specially used to entertain guests, The chief escort doesn't want the guests to stay in the inn after they come, so this film has specially set up a rest place for the guests. In the glass window, there are cigarette lanterns, cigarette bags, cigarette guns and cut tobacco boxes for entertaining the guests, which is the same meaning as the present dinner party. Inside, there are two pictures of beauty hanging on the wall, which is the same meaning as the picture of beauty hanging on the wall of the accounting room. It is also used to show wealth.

The layout here shows the history, development and internal details of the escort agency. Mainly: the formation of escort agency business. It is divided into escort and sit escort. Sit escort mainly includes: guarding the hospital, sitting in the shop and sitting at night.

Skills of escort agency. It is mainly divided into: boxing, instruments, concealed weapons and other flying eaves and walls.

The argot of Jianghu escort. There are top nine, middle nine, oral English spread by teachers, and four business theories.

Operation and management of escort agency. There is a map of the opening of the escort agency and a table of the composition of the staff of the escort agency, which is divided into outside and inside. Outside, there are the escort leader, escort and team leader, and inside, there are the shopkeeper, cashier, chef and personal servant.

Apprenticeship process.

From 1951 to 1952, he escorted cash from Beijing to the Soviet Union, including the date, ticket number, amount of silver and others.

List of famous escort agencies. Main introduction: name, age, founder, province and address of the escort agency.

Others are old photos. The glass window under the layout is the physical weapons of the escort agency at that time.

This is the end of the introduction on the second floor. When walking down, there is a stone lion on the left. There is a saying: touch the lion's head, and good things don't end; Touch the lion's back to live a generation; Touch the lion's mouth, husband and wife don't quarrel; Touch the lion's feet and walk all over the ends of the earth and Cape; From beginning to end, never regret.

I hope you will love martial arts and learn more about Wulin anecdotes after you join our museum. Well, everyone, this is the end of my explanation. I wish you a pleasant journey. Welcome to come again next time.

Explanatory word structure diagram:

Welcome speech

Introduce the history and concept of North China escort agency Museum

Cabinet head room: 1) function; 2) Business; 3) Stories; 4) Display items

Underground vault

Second door: brick carving art "advocating martial arts", characteristics of holding drum stone, screen

Accounting room: 1) function; 2) Furnishings; 3) Joint stock system (family shares)

Letter room: 1) function; 2) Identity of Mr. Xinfang; 3) Furnishings

The plaque, couplet, weapon rack in the main hall, the functions and furnishings of the East and west sides of Dharma (deeds) enshrined in the middle

The back hall, the development history of the escort agency, and the furnishings and flagpole stones in the glass window

Kitchen: 1) Shanxi food culture; 2) Kitchen utensils; 3) Healing prescription

Ancestral hall (Yue Fei)

Martial arts training ground

Celebrity inscriptions and photos

Second floor: 1) eighteen kinds of weapons, dart route map, shield; 2) Three treasures of bodyguards; 3) General escort room, conference hall function, guest room; 4) Layout; 5) Physical weapons; 6) Stone lion

Farewell words